Article 164 of the Constitution of India deals with the appointment of the Chief Minister and other ministers by the Governor. The Governor is the de jure head of the state, but de facto executive authority rests with the Chief Minister. In simple words, the Chief Minister of an Indian state is the head of the Government.
In 1947, after India’s independence from the British Raj, the monarchs of the states of Travancore and Cochin instituted a representative government, headed by a Prime Minister and his Council of Ministers. On 1 July 1949, Travancore and Cochin were merged to form the state of Travancore-Cochin. Malabar district and Kasaragod region in southern Canara, which together constitute more than half of the present state of Kerala, had their representatives in the Madras Legislative Assembly.
On November 1, 1956, with the implementation of the States Reorganization Act, present-day Kerala was created by merging the regions of Cochin, Malabar and Travancore, and the Kasaragod region in southern Canara. Since then, the state has been ruled by twelve Chief Ministers.
Travancore Prime Ministers (1948-1949)
| Yes. No. | Prime Minister | Tenure | Party |
| 1. | Pattom A. Thanu Pillai |
March 24, 1948 – October 17, 1948 |
Indian National Congress |
| 2. | Paravoor TK Narayana Pillai |
October 22, 1948 – July 1, 1949 |
Prime Ministers of Cochin (1947-1949)
| Yes. No. | Prime Minister | Tenure | Party |
| 1. | Panampilly Govinda Menon |
August 14, 1947 – October 22, 1947 |
Independent |
| 2. | Nair T.K. |
October 27, 1947 – September 20, 1948 |
|
| 3. | E. Ikkanda Warrior |
September 20, 1948 – June 30, 1949 |
Chief Ministers of Madras (1947-1956)
| Yes. No. | chief minister | Tenure | Party |
| 1. | OP Ramaswamy Reddiyar |
March 23, 1947 – April 6, 1949 |
Indian National Congress |
| 2. | P.S. Kumaraswamy Raja |
April 6, 1949 – April 9, 1952 |
|
| 3. | C. Rajagopalachari |
April 10, 1952 – April 13, 1954 |
|
| 4. | K. Kamaraj |
April 13, 1954 – October 31, 1956 |
Travancore-Cochin Chief Ministers (1949-1956)
| Yes. No. | chief minister | Tenure | Party |
| 1. | Paravoor TK Narayana Pillai |
July 1, 1949 – March 1, 1951 |
Indian National Congress |
| 2. | C. Kesavan |
March 3, 1951 – March 12, 1952 |
|
| 3. | Anaparambil Joseph John |
March 12, 1952 – March 16, 1954 |
|
| 4. | Pattom Thanu Pillai |
March 16, 1954 – February 10, 1955 |
Prague Socialist Party |
| 5. | Panampilly Govinda Menon |
February 10, 1955 – March 23, 1956 |
Indian National Congress |
| president’s rule |
March 23, 1956 – October 31, 1956 |
Chief Ministers of Kerala (1957-2023)
| Yes. No. | Prime Minister | Tenure | Party (Coalition) |
| president’s rule |
November 1, 1956 – April 5, 1957 |
||
| 1. | EMS Namboodiripad |
April 5, 1957 – July 31, 1959 |
Communist Party of India |
| president’s rule |
July 31, 1959 – February 22, 1960 |
||
| 2. | Pattom A. Thanu Pillai |
February 22, 1960 – September 26, 1962 |
Prague Socialist Party |
| 3. | R. Sankar |
September 26, 1962 – September 10, 1964 |
Indian National Congress |
| president’s rule |
September 10, 1964 – March 6, 1967 |
||
| (1) | EMS Namboodiripad |
March 6, 1967 – November 1, 1969 |
Communist Party of India (Marxist) |
| 4. | C. Achutha Menon |
November 1, 1969 – August 3, 1970 |
Communist Party of India |
| president’s rule |
August 4, 1970 – October 3, 1970 |
||
| (4) | C. Achutha Menon |
October 4, 1970 – March 25, 1977 |
Communist Party of India (United Front) |
| 5. | K. Karunakaran |
March 25, 1977 – April 26, 1977 |
Indian National Congress (United Front) |
| 6. | Anthony |
April 27, 1977 – October 28, 1978 |
|
| 7. | PK Vasudevan Nair |
October 29, 1978 – October 11, 1979 |
Communist Party of India (United Front) |
| 8. | CH Mohammed Koya |
October 12, 1979 – December 4, 1979 |
Indian Union Muslim League (United Front) |
| president’s rule |
December 5, 1979 – January 25, 1980 |
||
| 9. | EK Nayanar |
January 25, 1980 – October 20, 1981 |
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (Left Democratic Front) |
| president’s rule |
October 21, 1981 – December 28, 1981 |
||
| (5) | K. Karunakaran |
December 28, 1981 – March 17, 1982 |
Indian National Congress (I) (United Democratic Front) |
| president’s rule |
March 17, 1982 – May 23, 1982 |
||
| (5) | K. Karunakaran |
May 24, 1982 – March 25, 1987 |
Indian National Congress (United Democratic Front) |
| (9) | EK Nayanar |
March 26, 1987 – June 23, 1991 |
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (Left Democratic Front) |
| (5) | K. Karunakaran |
June 24, 1991 – March 21, 1995 |
Indian National Congress (United Democratic Front) |
| (6) | Anthony |
March 22, 1995 – May 19, 1996 |
|
| (9) | EK Nayanar |
May 20, 1996 – May 16, 2001 |
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (Left Democratic Front) |
| (6) | Anthony |
May 17, 2001 – August 30, 2004 |
Indian National Congress (United Democratic Front) |
| 10. | Oommen Chandy |
August 31, 2004 – May 17, 2006 |
|
| eleven. | VS Achuthanandan |
May 18, 2006 – May 17, 2011 |
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (Left Democratic Front) |
| (10) | Oommen Chandy |
May 18, 2011 – May 24, 2016 |
Indian National Congress (United Democratic Front) |
| 12. | Pinarayi Vijayan |
May 25, 2016 – Headline |
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (Left Democratic Front) |
Key points:
1- EK Nayanar is the longest serving Chief Minister of Kerala, having been in office for almost 11 years.
2- CH Mohammed Koya is the Chief Minister of Kerala who has been in office for the shortest time, with only 53 days.
3- Oommen Chandy, who served a total of 6 years and 253 days as the 10th Chief Minister of Kerala, passed away on July 18, 2023. Apart from being CM of Kerala twice, Chandy’s illustrious career included holding key ministerial portfolios such as that of Work. , Home and Finance in different governments under the leadership of K Karunakaran and AK Antony. Furthermore, he assumed the important role of leader of the opposition in the Kerala Assembly. Remarkably, representing Puthuppally constituency, he served as an MLA for over fifty years, setting an unrivaled record for the longest tenure in the political history of the state. According to sources, he was diagnosed with cancer and died during treatment. Oommen Chandy was 79 years old.
This was the complete list of all the Chief Ministers of Kerala. Students who are appearing for government as well as competitive exams are advised to check the list carefully.
List of all Chief Ministers of Assam (1937-2021)
Categories: Optical Illusion
Source: ptivs2.edu.vn