Biggest National Parks in India 2023 – Top 10 Updated List

Biggest National Parks in India 2023

India’s national parks are treasured gems, offering glimpses into the country’s incredible natural wealth and serving as sanctuaries for diverse ecosystems and wildlife. They provide an escape from urban life, allowing visitors to reconnect with nature and foster a deeper appreciation for the importance of conservation and sustainable practices. Here is the list of the top 10 biggest national parks in India as of 2023:

S.no.	National Parks	Area
1	Hemis National Park	3350 km²
2	Desert National Park	3162 km²
3	Gangotri National Park	2390.02 km²
4	Kishtwar High Altitude National Park	2191.5 km²
5	Namdapha National Park	1807.82 km²
6	Khangchendzonga National Park	1784 km²
7	Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park	1440.71 km²
8	Sunderban National Park	1330.1 km²
9	Indravati (Kutru) National Park	1258.37 km²
10	Papikonda National Park	1012.8588 km²

Top 10 Biggest National Parks in India

National Parks in India are protected areas of exceptional natural beauty and biodiversity that are designated and managed to preserve and conserve the country’s diverse ecosystems and wildlife. These national parks serve as crucial habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species, some of which are rare, endangered, or endemic to specific regions.

India boasts a rich network of national parks, spread across its vast geographical expanse, encompassing diverse landscapes ranging from dense forests and grasslands to high-altitude mountains and coastal areas. Each national park has its own unique characteristics, offering distinct ecosystems, wildlife species, and natural attractions.

In this article, we have listed and explained the list of the national parks in India as of 2023. Hence we suggest you to go through the article completely for a thorough knowledge of the subject.

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1. Hemis National Park (3350 km²)

Hemis National Park, sprawling across a vast area of 3350 square kilometers, is located in the eastern part of Ladakh in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Established in 1981, it is the largest national park in South Asia and a significant part of the larger protected area known as the Hemis High Altitude National Park.

Hemis National Park is renowned for its unique alpine and cold desert ecosystems, rugged landscapes, and rich biodiversity. The park is named after the famous Hemis Monastery, a prominent Buddhist monastery located within its boundaries.

The park’s topography is characterized by high mountains, deep valleys, barren slopes, and pristine glaciers. It is situated in the eastern Karakoram and Trans-Himalayan ranges, with altitudes ranging from 3,300 meters to over 6,000 meters. The stunning landscapes and extreme altitudes make Hemis National Park a challenging yet captivating destination for adventurers and nature enthusiasts.

One of the main attractions of Hemis National Park is its diverse wildlife. The park is home to several rare and endangered species, including the iconic snow leopard, which is one of the primary reasons for its conservation significance.

Other notable wildlife species found here include Himalayan blue sheep, ibex, Tibetan wolf, Eurasian brown bear, and numerous species of birds such as the golden eagle, lammergeier, and Tibetan snowcock.

The park’s flora is adapted to the harsh climatic conditions of high altitudes. It consists of alpine meadows, sparse vegetation, and hardy shrubs and herbs that can withstand the extreme cold and aridity. During the summer months, the park is adorned with colorful wildflowers, creating a picturesque landscape.

Hemis National Park also holds cultural importance due to the presence of the Hemis Monastery, one of the oldest and wealthiest monasteries in Ladakh. The monastery is known for its vibrant festivals, especially the Hemis Festival, which attracts tourists and devotees from far and wide.

Visitors to Hemis National Park can engage in activities such as wildlife safaris, trekking, and birdwatching. The park offers breathtaking views of snow-capped peaks, tranquil lakes, and opportunities to encounter rare wildlife in their natural habitats.

2. Desert National Park (3162 km²)

The Desert National Park, spanning an extensive area of 3162 square kilometers, is located in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan, India. It is one of the largest national parks in the country and is renowned for its unique desert ecosystem, rich biodiversity, and cultural heritage.

Established in 1980, the Desert National Park showcases the arid landscapes and diverse wildlife of the Thar Desert. The park encompasses sand dunes, rocky terrains, salt flats, and scrubland, offering a mesmerizing glimpse into the stark beauty of the desert environment.

The Desert National Park is home to a remarkable range of flora and fauna specially adapted to survive in the harsh desert conditions. The vegetation consists of thorny bushes, cacti, and hardy grasses that can withstand extreme temperatures and water scarcity.

The park is known for its diverse wildlife, including several species of desert-adapted mammals, reptiles, and birds. It is a habitat for the endangered Great Indian Bustard, which is one of the world’s heaviest flying birds. Other notable wildlife species found here include blackbuck, desert fox, desert cat, chinkara (Indian gazelle), monitor lizard, and numerous species of snakes.

The Desert National Park is not just a haven for wildlife but also a cultural heritage site. It is home to several indigenous communities, such as the Bishnois, who have a deep-rooted connection with the desert and its natural resources. These communities have played a vital role in conserving the park’s biodiversity and traditional practices.

Visitors to the Desert National Park can engage in various activities to explore its unique landscapes and wildlife. Jeep safaris, camel rides, and nature walks are popular ways to experience the desert environment and witness its incredible flora and fauna.

Conservation efforts within the Desert National Park focus on preserving its delicate ecosystem, protecting endangered species, and promoting sustainable tourism. Measures such as anti-poaching patrols, habitat restoration, and awareness programs are undertaken to ensure the long-term conservation of this unique desert habitat.

The Desert National Park offers a captivating blend of nature, culture, and adventure, making it a popular destination for eco-tourism and wildlife enthusiasts. It provides an opportunity to witness the beauty and resilience of life in the desert, as well as the rich cultural heritage of the region.

3. Gangotri National Park (2390.02 km²)

Gangotri National Park, sprawling across a vast area of 2390.02 square kilometers, is located in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand, India. It is named after the famous Gangotri Glacier, one of the primary sources of the Ganges River.

Established in 1989, Gangotri National Park is a protected area known for its spectacular landscapes, high-altitude meadows, and diverse wildlife. The park is situated in the Garhwal Himalayas and encompasses parts of the Bhagirathi River basin.

The park is characterized by its pristine forests, alpine meadows, and snow-capped peaks. It provides habitat to a wide variety of flora and fauna, including several rare and endangered species. The vegetation in the park ranges from dense forests of deodar, pine, and fir to alpine meadows adorned with vibrant wildflowers.

Gangotri National Park is home to a rich array of wildlife. Some of the prominent mammal species found here include the elusive snow leopard, Himalayan tahr, musk deer, Himalayan black bear, blue sheep, and langurs. The park is also a haven for birdwatchers, with over a hundred species of birds recorded, including the colorful Himalayan monal, koklass pheasant, and snow partridge.

The park holds immense spiritual significance as well, as it is situated in the vicinity of Gangotri, one of the Char Dham pilgrimage sites and the origin of the holy River Ganges. The park’s landscapes and natural features are deeply intertwined with Hindu mythology and draw pilgrims and tourists from around the world.

Visitors to Gangotri National Park can indulge in various activities, including trekking, wildlife spotting, and exploring the scenic beauty of the region. The park offers breathtaking views of snow-capped peaks, glacial streams, and serene valleys, providing an immersive experience in nature’s lap.

Conservation efforts within Gangotri National Park focus on protecting its delicate ecosystems, preserving wildlife habitats, and promoting sustainable tourism practices. The park authorities work closely with local communities and stakeholders to ensure the sustainable management of natural resources.

Gangotri National Park stands as a testimony to the majestic Himalayan landscapes and serves as a vital stronghold for biodiversity conservation. It is a destination where visitors can witness the beauty of nature, experience tranquility, and immerse themselves in the rich cultural and ecological heritage of the region.

4. Kishtwar High Altitude National Park (2191.5 km²)

Kishtwar National Park is situated approximately 40 kilometers from Kishtwar town in the Kishtwar district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The park is bordered by the Rinnay River to the north, the Kibar Nala catchment to the south, the main divide of the Great Himalaya to the east, and the Marwah River to the west.

This national park was officially declared on February 4, 1981, through Notification no. 21/FST of 1980-1981. It covers a vast area of 2,190.50 square kilometers (219,050 hectares) and is under the jurisdiction of the state.

Kishtwar National Park is known for its diverse terrain, encompassing altitudes ranging from 1,700 meters to 4,800 meters. This variation in elevation contributes to the park’s unique and picturesque landscapes, which include valleys, rivers, glaciers, and high mountain peaks.

The park is characterized by its rich biodiversity and serves as a habitat for numerous plant and animal species. It is home to a variety of wildlife, including Himalayan black bears, snow leopards, musk deer, ibex, langurs, and numerous species of birds. The park’s flora consists of a mix of alpine meadows, coniferous forests, and subalpine vegetation, making it a botanist’s paradise.

Kishtwar National Park offers a range of outdoor activities and experiences for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers. Visitors can engage in activities such as trekking, wildlife spotting, birdwatching, and exploring the park’s scenic beauty. The diverse landscapes and pristine environment make it an ideal destination for nature lovers and photographers.

Efforts are made to preserve and protect the park’s delicate ecosystems and wildlife through conservation measures and regulations. These include anti-poaching initiatives, habitat management, and community involvement in sustainable tourism practices.

Kishtwar National Park stands as a testament to the natural wonders of the region, offering an opportunity to appreciate the beauty and biodiversity of the Himalayas while providing a sanctuary for a wide range of plant and animal life.

5. Namdapha National Park (1807.82 km²)

Namdapha National Park, covering a vast area of 1807.82 square kilometers, is located in the Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is the largest national park in the northeastern region of the country and is known for its exceptional biodiversity and pristine wilderness.

Established as a national park in 1972, Namdapha National Park is nestled within the Eastern Himalayas and shares its borders with Myanmar (Burma). The park encompasses diverse ecosystems, including subtropical rainforests, temperate forests, bamboo groves, and alpine meadows, owing to its wide altitudinal range.

The park is a haven for wildlife and is home to several rare and endangered species. It is recognized as a Tiger Reserve, serving as an important habitat for the Bengal tiger. Other notable mammal species found in Namdapha National Park include clouded leopards, snow leopards, Asiatic black bears, red pandas, marbled cats, and various primates, such as the endangered Hoolock gibbon.

Namdapha National Park is renowned for its avifauna as well. With over 500 species of birds, including rare and endemic ones like the white-winged wood duck, Sclater’s monal, and Blyth’s tragopan, it is a paradise for birdwatchers and ornithology enthusiasts.

The park is also rich in flora, with a remarkable variety of plant species, including towering trees, orchids, and ferns. The lush rainforests of Namdapha are of significant ecological importance, contributing to the conservation of tropical biodiversity.

Exploring Namdapha National Park offers visitors a chance to immerse themselves in the wilderness. Trekking trails and nature walks provide opportunities to witness the park’s diverse landscapes, gushing waterfalls, and serene rivers. The park’s remote and unspoiled nature adds to its allure, attracting nature lovers and adventure seekers from around the world.

Conservation efforts in Namdapha National Park focus on preserving its unique ecosystems, protecting endangered species, and promoting sustainable tourism. The park management works closely with local communities to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources while safeguarding the park’s ecological integrity.

Namdapha National Park stands as a remarkable testament to the natural wonders of the Eastern Himalayas, offering a glimpse into the unspoiled beauty and incredible biodiversity of the region.

6. Khangchendzonga National Park (1784 km²)

Khangchendzonga National Park, covering an expansive area of 1784 square kilometers, is located in the state of Sikkim in northeastern India. It is named after Mount Khangchendzonga, the third highest peak in the world and a sacred mountain in Sikkimese culture.

Designated as a national park in 1977, Khangchendzonga National Park is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its exceptional natural and cultural significance. It encompasses a wide range of altitudes, from the subtropical lowlands to alpine meadows and glaciers, making it a diverse and ecologically important region.

The park is characterized by its stunning landscapes, including snow-capped peaks, deep valleys, glacial lakes, and dense forests. It serves as a habitat for a wide variety of flora and fauna, including several rare and endangered species.

Khangchendzonga National Park is renowned for its biodiversity, and it is home to numerous mammal species such as the elusive snow leopard, red panda, Himalayan black bear, musk deer, and Himalayan tahr. The park also supports a rich birdlife, with species like the colorful blood pheasant, satyr tragopan, and many others found within its boundaries.

The park holds great cultural significance as well, as it is inhabited by indigenous communities who have a deep spiritual connection with the land and its natural resources. The traditional practices and beliefs of these communities are closely intertwined with the conservation of the park and its unique ecosystems.

Visitors to Khangchendzonga National Park can embark on treks and expeditions to explore its awe-inspiring landscapes and experience the tranquility of the Himalayas. The park offers breathtaking vistas, high-altitude lakes, and opportunities to encounter rare wildlife, making it a haven for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers.

Conservation efforts within Khangchendzonga National Park focus on preserving its delicate ecosystems, protecting endangered species, and promoting sustainable tourism. The park management, along with local communities, works towards maintaining the ecological balance and ensuring the long-term conservation of this remarkable natural treasure.

7. Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park (1440.71 km²)

Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park, sprawling across an area of 1440.71 square kilometers, is located in the Koriya district of Chhattisgarh, India. It is named after Guru Ghasidas, a social reformer and spiritual leader, and is also known as Sanjay National Park.

Established in 1981, Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park is characterized by a diverse range of landscapes, including hills, plateaus, valleys, and dense forests. The park is nestled within the Maikal mountain range, part of the larger Maikal Hills, which adds to its scenic beauty.

The national park is home to a rich variety of flora and fauna. The forested areas consist of mixed deciduous forests, providing habitat to numerous plant species, including sal, teak, bamboo, and various medicinal plants. The park’s vegetation supports a vibrant ecosystem and contributes to the conservation of biodiversity.

Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park is known for its impressive wildlife. It is home to a range of mammalian species, such as tigers, leopards, sloth bears, wild dogs, sambar deer, barking deer, and Indian gaur (bison). The park also houses a diverse avian population, making it a delight for birdwatching enthusiasts.

The park offers opportunities for wildlife safaris and nature walks, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the natural beauty and observe the wildlife. The undulating terrain and picturesque landscapes make it a captivating destination for nature lovers and photographers.

Conservation efforts within Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park focus on protecting its unique ecosystems and safeguarding the wildlife. Measures such as anti-poaching activities, habitat management, and community participation are undertaken to ensure the park’s ecological integrity and sustainable management.

Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park provides a serene and tranquil environment, allowing visitors to appreciate the wonders of nature and experience the wilderness firsthand. It stands as a testament to the importance of preserving natural habitats and promoting biodiversity conservation.

8. Sunderban National Park (1330.1 km²)

Sundarbans National Park, sprawling across an area of 1330.1 square kilometers, is located in the Sundarbans delta in the Indian state of West Bengal and extends into Bangladesh. It is renowned for being the largest mangrove forest in the world and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Sundarbans National Park is a unique ecosystem where the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers converge, forming an intricate network of waterways, islands, and mudflats. The park derives its name from the Sundari trees (Heritiera fomes), which are one of the dominant tree species in the mangrove forest.

This national park is home to the Royal Bengal Tiger, a critically endangered species and one of the main attractions for visitors. The Sundarbans is renowned for its “swimming tigers” who have adapted to the aquatic environment. Besides tigers, the park also shelters various other wildlife species, including saltwater crocodiles, Indian python, fishing cats, spotted deer, and numerous species of birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

The Sundarbans National Park is famous for its unique and fragile ecosystem, characterized by brackish water, tidal creeks, and dense mangrove vegetation. It plays a vital role in protecting the coastal regions from erosion and acts as a natural barrier against cyclones and tidal surges.

The park offers several modes of exploration, including boat safaris, allowing visitors to navigate through the intricate network of channels and observe the wildlife in their natural habitat. It is an ideal destination for nature enthusiasts, birdwatchers, and adventure seekers.

Conservation efforts in the Sundarbans focus on protecting the fragile mangrove ecosystem and the wildlife that inhabits it. Measures such as anti-poaching initiatives, habitat management, and community participation are implemented to safeguard the park’s biodiversity and ensure its long-term sustainability.

Sundarbans National Park stands as a remarkable testament to the intricate balance of nature, showcasing the unique beauty and ecological importance of mangrove forests.

9. Indravati (Kutru) National Park (1258.37 km²)

Indravati (Kutru) National Park, with an expansive area of 1258.37 square kilometers, is located in the Bijapur district of Chhattisgarh, India. The park is named after the Indravati River, which flows through its territory.

Established as a national park in 1981, Indravati (Kutru) National Park is known for its rich biodiversity and pristine natural landscapes. It is a part of the larger Indravati Tiger Reserve, which encompasses both the national park and a wildlife sanctuary.

The park features a diverse range of habitats, including dense forests, grasslands, and riverside vegetation. The dominant forest type in the area is tropical moist deciduous, characterized by a variety of tree species and an abundant understory.

Indravati (Kutru) National Park is renowned for its significant population of Royal Bengal Tigers, which are one of the main attractions for visitors. Other notable wildlife species found in the park include leopards, Indian bison (gaur), wild dogs, sloth bears, and various species of deer.

The park is also home to a wide variety of bird species, making it a paradise for birdwatchers. Numerous resident and migratory birds can be spotted within its boundaries, adding to the park’s biodiversity. In addition to its remarkable wildlife, Indravati (Kutru) National Park offers picturesque landscapes, with hills, valleys, and meandering rivers providing a stunning backdrop for nature enthusiasts and photographers.

Efforts are made to conserve and protect the park’s natural resources and wildlife through measures such as anti-poaching activities, habitat management, and community participation. Visitors to Indravati (Kutru) National Park can enjoy wildlife safaris, nature walks, and birdwatching, allowing them to experience the beauty and serenity of this remarkable protected area.

10. Papikonda National Park (1012.8588 km²)

Papikonda National Park is located in the Khammam district of Telangana and spans across the East Godavari and West Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh in India. With an expansive area of over 1012.86 square kilometers, it was officially declared a National Park in 2008.

Situated along the course of the Godavari River, Papikonda National Park showcases a diverse range of habitats and landscapes. The park primarily consists of deciduous forests, which are characterized by trees that shed their leaves seasonally.

This national park is home to a rich array of wildlife, including several notable species. Tigers, an iconic and endangered big cat species, can be found within the park’s boundaries. Other noteworthy species include mouse deer, gaur (Indian bison), and various other mammals, reptiles, and birds.

Recognized for its ecological significance, Papikonda National Park has been designated as an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA). This recognition highlights the park’s importance for bird conservation and the preservation of its diverse ecosystems.

In recent times, efforts have been made to study and document the butterfly species found within Papikonda National Park. A maiden survey was conducted specifically to identify and record the butterfly species present in the park, contributing to our understanding of its biodiversity.

Overall, Papikonda National Park serves as a valuable natural reserve, showcasing the region’s unique flora and fauna while providing a protected habitat for various endangered and vulnerable species.

Important National Parks in India

India is home to numerous important national parks that showcase the country’s rich biodiversity and natural beauty. Some of the notable national parks in India include:

Jim Corbett National Park: Located in Uttarakhand, it is India’s oldest national park and famous for its Bengal tigers, elephants, and rich birdlife.

Kaziranga National Park: Situated in Assam, it is renowned for its population of endangered Indian one-horned rhinoceroses, tigers, elephants, and diverse bird species.

Ranthambore National Park: Located in Rajasthan, it is known for its population of Bengal tigers and offers a unique blend of wildlife and historical sites, including Ranthambore Fort.

Kanha National Park: Situated in Madhya Pradesh, it served as the inspiration for Rudyard Kipling’s “The Jungle Book” and is home to tigers, leopards, and the barasingha (swamp deer).

Sunderbans National Park: Located in West Bengal, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the largest mangrove forest in the world, famous for its Royal Bengal tigers.

Periyar National Park: Situated in Kerala, it is known for its picturesque lake, herds of elephants, and opportunities for boat safaris to spot wildlife.

Bandhavgarh National Park: Located in Madhya Pradesh, it has a high density of tigers and is renowned for its historic Bandhavgarh Fort.

Gir National Park: Situated in Gujarat, it is the only place in the world where the endangered Asiatic lions are found in the wild.

Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve: Located in Maharashtra, it is one of the largest tiger reserves in India and offers excellent opportunities for tiger sightings.

Nagarhole National Park: Situated in Karnataka, it is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and is known for its diverse wildlife, including tigers, elephants, and Indian bison.

These national parks, among many others in India, offer incredible opportunities for wildlife enthusiasts, nature lovers, and adventure seekers to experience the country’s natural heritage and engage in activities such as wildlife safaris, birdwatching, and nature walks.

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